
The Square
Location.
Located in central Copenhagen, The Square is within walking distance of City Hall Square, Tivoli Gardens, and Stroeget. Nearby points of interest also include National Museum of Denmark and Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek.
Hotel Features.
This 3 star property offers limo/town car service and business services. Complimentary wireless Internet access is available in public areas. This Copenhagen property has 4 meeting rooms. A bar/lounge is open for drinks. The hotel serves continental breakfasts each morning (surcharges apply). Room service is available during limited hours. Additional property venue amenities: multilingual staff, tour/ticket assistance, and currency exchange. This is a smoke free property.
Guestrooms.
267 air conditioned guestrooms at The Square feature minibars and safes. Bathrooms feature showers with handheld showerheads. They also offer complimentary toiletries and hair dryers. Wired high speed Internet access is complimentary. Flat panel televisions are available in guestrooms. Also included are windows that open and blackout drapes/curtains. Guests may request irons/ironing boards, hypo allergenic bedding, and extra towels/bedding. Housekeeping is available daily. Guestrooms are all non smoking.
Notifications and Fees:
- A resort fee is included in the total price displayed
The following fees and deposits are charged by the property at time of service, check in, or check out.
- Self parking fee: DKK 200 per day
- Continental breakfast fee: DKK 110 per person (approximately)
- Safe fee: DKK 30 per day
The above list may not be comprehensive. Fees and deposits may not include tax and are subject to change.
Notifications and Fees:
- A resort fee is included in the total price displayed
The following fees and deposits are charged by the property at time of service, check in, or check out.
- Self parking fee: DKK 200 per day
- Continental breakfast fee: DKK 110 per person (approximately)
- Safe fee: DKK 30 per day
The above list may not be comprehensive. Fees and deposits may not include tax and are subject to change.

Hotel Danmark
Location.
Located in central Copenhagen, Hotel Danmark is within walking distance of National Museum of Denmark, Stroeget, and Tivoli Gardens. Nearby points of interest also include Christianborg Palace and City Hall Square.
Hotel Features.
Dining options at Hotel Danmark include a restaurant and a snack bar/deli. A bar/lounge is open for drinks. Room service is available during limited hours. The hotel serves Buffet breakfasts (surcharges apply). This 3 star property has a 24 hour business center and offers a meeting/conference room. Wireless Internet access (surcharge) is available in public areas. Concierge services and tour/ticket assistance are available. Guest parking is available for a surcharge. Additional property venue amenities: multilingual staff and laundry facilities.
Guestrooms.
88 guestrooms at Hotel Danmark feature safes and complimentary newspapers. Accommodations offer city or courtyard views. Bathrooms feature handheld showerheads, complimentary toiletries, and hair dryers. Wireless Internet access is complimentary. In addition to desks, guestrooms offer direct dial phones. Premium cable television is provided. Guests may request irons/ironing boards and wake up calls. Housekeeping is available daily.
Notifications and Fees:
- A resort fee is included in the total price displayed
The following fees and deposits are charged by the property at time of service, check in, or check out.
- Self parking fee: DKK 175 per night
- Pet fee: DKK 500 per room, per night
- Fee for high speed Internet (wired) in business center: DKK 3 (for 1 minutes, rates may vary)
- Fee for wireless Internet in all public areas: DKK 50 (for 24 hours, rates may vary)
- Buffet breakfast fee: DKK 155 per person (approximately)
The above list may not be comprehensive. Fees and deposits may not include tax and are subject to change.
Notifications and Fees:
- A resort fee is included in the total price displayed
The following fees and deposits are charged by the property at time of service, check in, or check out.
- Self parking fee: DKK 175 per night
- Pet fee: DKK 500 per room, per night
- Fee for high speed Internet (wired) in business center: DKK 3 (for 1 minutes, rates may vary)
- Fee for wireless Internet in all public areas: DKK 50 (for 24 hours, rates may vary)
- Buffet breakfast fee: DKK 155 per person (approximately)
The above list may not be comprehensive. Fees and deposits may not include tax and are subject to change.

First Hotel Skt Petri
Location.
Located in central Copenhagen, First Hotel Skt Petri is within walking distance of University of Copenhagen, Stroeget, and Rundetarn. Nearby points of interest also include Tivoli Gardens and Thorvaldsens Museum.
Hotel Features.
Dining options at First Hotel Skt Petri include a restaurant and a coffee shop/café. A bar/lounge is open for drinks. Room service is available 24 hours a day. The hotel serves Buffet breakfasts (surcharges apply). Recreational venue amenities: a fitness facility. This 5 star property has a business center and offers small meeting rooms, limo/town car service, and audio visual equipment. Complimentary wireless Internet access is available in public areas. This Copenhagen property has event space consisting of banquet facilities, conference/meeting rooms, a ballroom, and exhibit space. Guest parking is available for a surcharge. Additional property venue amenities: a rooftop terrace, a concierge desk, and barbecue grills.
Guestrooms.
268 air conditioned guestrooms at First Hotel Skt Petri feature minibars and laptop compatible safes. Bathrooms feature designer toiletries, bathrobes, slippers, and hair dryers. Wireless Internet access is complimentary. In addition to desks and complimentary newspapers, guestrooms offer direct dial phones with voice mail. Televisions have satellite channels and pay movies. Guests may request in room massages, irons/ironing boards, and hypo allergenic bedding. A nightly turndown service is offered and housekeeping is available daily.
Notifications and Fees:
- A resort fee is included in the total price displayed
The following fees and deposits are charged by the property at time of service, check in, or check out.
- Self parking fee: DKK 380 per night
- Buffet breakfast fee: DKK 145 per person (approximately)
The above list may not be comprehensive. Fees and deposits may not include tax and are subject to change.
Notifications and Fees:
- A resort fee is included in the total price displayed
The following fees and deposits are charged by the property at time of service, check in, or check out.
- Self parking fee: DKK 380 per night
- Buffet breakfast fee: DKK 145 per person (approximately)
The above list may not be comprehensive. Fees and deposits may not include tax and are subject to change.

Richmond Hotel
Location.
Located in central Copenhagen, Richmond Hotel is within walking distance of Tivoli Gardens and City Hall Square. Nearby points of interest also include Stroeget and National Museum of Denmark.
Hotel Features.
This 3 star property has a business center and offers limo/town car service and audio visual equipment. Complimentary wireless Internet access is available in public areas. This Copenhagen property has 388 square meters of event space consisting of a conference center, banquet facilities, and exhibit space. The hotel serves a complimentary hot and cold buffet breakfast each morning in the breakfast area. Additional property venue amenities: multilingual staff, tour/ticket assistance, and gift shops/newsstands. This is a smoke free property.
Guestrooms.
127 guestrooms at Richmond Hotel feature windows that open and blackout drapes/curtains. Accommodations offer city or courtyard views. Beds come with pillowtop mattresses. Bathrooms feature bathtubs or showers and hair dryers. Wireless Internet access is complimentary. 20 inch LCD televisions have cable channels and pay movies. Guests may request extra towels/bedding and wake up calls. Housekeeping is available daily. Guestrooms are all non smoking.
Notifications and Fees:
The following fees and deposits are charged by the property at time of service, check in, or check out.
- Self parking fee: DKK 120 per day
- Pet fee: DKK 250 per night
- Television fee: DKK 89 per day
- Onsite credit card charges are subject to a surcharge
The above list may not be comprehensive. Fees and deposits may not include tax and are subject to change.
Notifications and Fees:
The following fees and deposits are charged by the property at time of service, check in, or check out.
- Self parking fee: DKK 120 per day
- Pet fee: DKK 250 per night
- Television fee: DKK 89 per day
- Onsite credit card charges are subject to a surcharge
The above list may not be comprehensive. Fees and deposits may not include tax and are subject to change.

Radisson Blu Royal Hotel, Copenhagen
Location.
Located in central Copenhagen, Radisson Blu Royal Hotel, Copenhagen is within walking distance of Tivoli Gardens and City Hall Square. Nearby points of interest also include Stroeget and Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek.
Hotel Features.
Dining options at Radisson Blu Royal Hotel, Copenhagen include 2 restaurants. A bar/lounge is open for drinks. Room service is available 24 hours a day. The hotel serves Buffet breakfasts (surcharges apply). Recreational venue amenities: a fitness facility. This 5 star property has a business center and offers limo/town car service, audio visual equipment, and business services. Wireless Internet access (surcharge) is available in public areas and the hotel has a computer station. This Copenhagen property has 750 square meters of event space consisting of a conference center, banquet facilities, a ballroom, and exhibit space. Tour/ticket assistance and translation services are available. Additional property venue amenities: a coffee shop/café, a concierge desk, and multilingual staff. The property has designated areas for smoking.
Guestrooms.
260 guestrooms at Radisson Blu Royal Hotel, Copenhagen feature minibars and coffee/tea makers. Bathrooms feature handheld showerheads. They also offer makeup/shaving mirrors, complimentary toiletries, and hair dryers. Wireless Internet access is complimentary. In addition to desks and safes, guestrooms offer multi line phones with voice mail. Televisions have premium satellite channels and pay movies. Also included are windows that open and blackout drapes/curtains. Guests may request hypo allergenic bedding and wake up calls. Housekeeping is available daily. Guestrooms are all non smoking.
Notifications and Fees:
The following fees and deposits are charged by the property at time of service, check in, or check out.
- Self parking fee: DKK 240 per night
- Buffet breakfast fee: DKK 195 per person (approximately)
The above list may not be comprehensive. Fees and deposits may not include tax and are subject to change.
Notifications and Fees:
The following fees and deposits are charged by the property at time of service, check in, or check out.
- Self parking fee: DKK 240 per night
- Buffet breakfast fee: DKK 195 per person (approximately)
The above list may not be comprehensive. Fees and deposits may not include tax and are subject to change.

Copenhagen Plaza
Location.
Located in central Copenhagen, Copenhagen Plaza is within walking distance of Tivoli Gardens, City Hall Square, and Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek. Nearby points of interest also include Stroeget and National Museum of Denmark.
Hotel Features.
Copenhagen Plaza's restaurant serves breakfast and dinner. A bar/lounge is open for drinks. Room service is available during limited hours. The hotel serves a complimentary buffet breakfast. This 4 star property has a business center and offers limo/town car service. Complimentary wireless Internet access is available in public areas. This Copenhagen property has 5 meeting rooms. Additional property venue amenities: a concierge desk, multilingual staff, and currency exchange.
Guestrooms.
93 air conditioned guestrooms at Copenhagen Plaza feature minibars and laptop compatible safes. All accommodations have balconies. Bathrooms feature handheld showerheads. They also offer makeup/shaving mirrors, bathrobes, and hair dryers. Wireless Internet access is complimentary. In addition to complimentary newspapers and safes, guestrooms offer phones with voice mail. LCD televisions have cable channels and pay movies. Also included are windows that open and blackout drapes/curtains. Guests may request irons/ironing boards and wake up calls. Housekeeping is available daily.
Notifications and Fees:
The following fees and deposits are charged by the property at time of service, check in, or check out.
- Valet parking fee: DKK 253 per night
- Pet deposit: DKK 100 per night
The above list may not be comprehensive. Fees and deposits may not include tax and are subject to change.
Notifications and Fees:
The following fees and deposits are charged by the property at time of service, check in, or check out.
- Valet parking fee: DKK 253 per night
- Pet deposit: DKK 100 per night
The above list may not be comprehensive. Fees and deposits may not include tax and are subject to change.

Imperial Hotel
Location.
Located in central Copenhagen, Imperial Hotel is within walking distance of Tivoli Gardens and City Hall Square. Nearby points of interest also include Stroeget and Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek.
Hotel Features.
Imperial Hotel's restaurant serves breakfast, lunch, and dinner. A bar/lounge is open for drinks. Room service is available during limited hours. The hotel serves Hot and cold buffet breakfasts (surcharges apply). This 4 star property has a 24 hour business center and offers audio visual equipment and business services. Complimentary high speed (wired) Internet access is available in public areas. This Copenhagen property has event space consisting of a conference center and banquet facilities. Wedding services, tour/ticket assistance, and tour assistance are available. Guest parking is available for a surcharge. Additional property venue amenities: multilingual staff and currency exchange.
Guestrooms.
288 air conditioned guestrooms at Imperial Hotel feature minibars and coffee/tea makers. Accommodations offer city views. Bathrooms feature shower/tub combinations, complimentary toiletries, and hair dryers. Wired high speed Internet access is complimentary. In addition to complimentary newspapers and safes, guestrooms offer direct dial phones. Televisions have cable channels and TV Internet access (surcharge). Also included are windows that open and trouser presses. Guests may request hypo allergenic bedding and wake up calls.
Notifications and Fees:
- A resort fee is included in the total price displayed
The following fees and deposits are charged by the property at time of service, check in, or check out.
- Self parking fee: DKK 150 per day
- Deposit: DKK 500 per stay (cash only)
- Hot and cold buffet breakfast fee: DKK 170 per person (approximately)
- Rollaway bed fee: DKK 300 per night
The above list may not be comprehensive. Fees and deposits may not include tax and are subject to change.
Notifications and Fees:
- A resort fee is included in the total price displayed
The following fees and deposits are charged by the property at time of service, check in, or check out.
- Self parking fee: DKK 150 per day
- Deposit: DKK 500 per stay (cash only)
- Hot and cold buffet breakfast fee: DKK 170 per person (approximately)
- Rollaway bed fee: DKK 300 per night
The above list may not be comprehensive. Fees and deposits may not include tax and are subject to change.

Scandic Webers
Location.
Located in central Copenhagen, Scandic Webers is within walking distance of Tivoli Gardens and City Hall Square. Nearby points of interest also include Stroeget and Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek.
Hotel Features.
This 4 star property has a business center and offers small meeting rooms, a meeting/conference room, and audio visual equipment. This Copenhagen property has 42 square meters of event space consisting of conference/meeting rooms. A bar/lounge is open for drinks. The hotel serves a complimentary hot and cold buffet breakfast. Guest parking is available for a surcharge. Additional property venue amenities: multilingual staff, tour/ticket assistance, and gift shops/newsstands.
Guestrooms.
152 air conditioned guestrooms at Scandic Webers feature minibars and laptop compatible safes. Beds come with pillowtop mattresses. Bathrooms feature shower/tub combinations and hair dryers. Wired high speed and wireless Internet access is complimentary. In addition to desks and complimentary newspapers, guestrooms offer direct dial phones. Flat panel televisions have satellite channels, complimentary TV Internet access, and pay movies. Also included are safes and windows that open. Guests may request irons/ironing boards, extra towels/bedding, and wake up calls. Housekeeping is available daily.
Select images of conference and meeting venues above for descriptions and more information.
Denmark Meeting Venues for Conventions and Conferences
If you're planning a meeting or conference in Denmark, finding the perfect venue is probably at the top of your wish list. The right venue can turn a good event into a great event. But trawling through all of the different options for conference and meeting venues in Denmark can be confusing and time-consuming. That's where we can help.
Meeting Rooms in Denmark
Shorten the meeting and event planning process by finding available event venues and locations for your Denmark meeting, conference, or event. Look no further if you want to hire meeting rooms! Our comprehensive listings will provide you with a suitable venue whether you are looking for Denmark hotel meeting rooms or if you need something suited to a tight schedule, or an unusual meeting room.
This free venue-finding service is designed to give you access to the very best Denmark local knowledge and expertise and to save you time and money when planning a meeting or conference.
We have the local knowledge and expertise to find exactly the right venue to make your event a success. And with so much choice in Denmark, whatever you are looking for from a small meeting room for two or three people to a large conference space for hundreds of delegates, we've got what you need. If you need something a little bit different, we can even recommend a selection of unusual venues.
Get fast results with our free Denmark venue-finder
Our easy and free venue selection process will give you fast results. Take a look at the list below to instantly see hotels for meetings, conferences, re-unions, social gatherings and conventions in Denmark, or fill in the simple form on the right to tell us about your requirements and we’ll get straight back to you.
Featured conference venue Tuesday 15th May, 2012: Palace Hotel
Rating:4. This conference hotel venue has: 162 rooms arranged over 1 floors. Location. Located in central Copenhagen, Palace Hotel is within walking distance of H.C. Anderson's Wonderful World, Stroeget, and Tivoli Gardens. Nearby points of interest also include City Hall Square and National Museum of Denmark. Hotel Features. Palace Hotel's restaurant serves breakfast, lunch, and dinner. A bar/lounge is open for drinks. Room service is available during limited hours. The hotel serves buffet breakfasts each morning in the restaurant (surcharges apply). Recreational amenities include a fitness facility. This 4 star property has a business center and offers small meeting rooms, a meeting/conference room, and secretarial services. High speed Internet access is available in public areas. This Copenhagen property has event space consisting of banquet facilities and conference/meeting rooms. Business services, wedding services, limo/town car service, and translation services are available. Additional property amenities include a coffee shop/café, a concierge desk, and multilingual staff. Guestrooms. 162 guestrooms at Palace Hotel feature minibars and laptop compatible safes. Beds come with premium bedding. Bathrooms feature complimentary toiletries and hair dryers. Dial up Internet access is available. In addition to desks and complimentary newspapers, guestrooms offer multi line phones. Televisions have premium satellite channels, complimentary TV Internet access, and pay movies. Rooms also include safes and windows that open. Guests may request irons/ironing boards, hypo allergenic bedding, and wake up calls. Housekeeping is available daily. Notifications and Fees:The following fees and deposits are charged by the property at time of service, check in, or check out. Buffet breakfast fee: DKK 165 per person (approximately) The above list may not be comprehensive. Fees and deposits may not include tax and are subject to change. Notifications and Fees:The following fees and deposits are charged by the property at time of service, check in, or check out. Buffet breakfast fee: DKK 165 per person (approximately) The above list may not be comprehensive. Fees and deposits may not include tax and are subject to change.
First Hotel Kong Frederik Rating:4
Rooms: 110; Floors: 5
Check in: 2 PM; Check out: Noon
Conference facilities. Meeting rooms.
Conference Venue Location. Located in central Copenhagen, First Hotel Kong Frederik is within walking distance of City Hall Square, Tivoli Gardens, and Stroeget. Nearby points of interest also include National Museum of Denmark and Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek. Hotel Features. First Hotel Kong Frederik features a restaurant and a bar/lounge. Room service is available. The hotel serves Buffet breakfasts (surcharges apply). This 4 star property offers small meeting rooms, a meeting/conference room, and audio visual equipment. Complimentary wireless Internet access is available in public areas. This Copenhagen property has 4 meeting rooms. Business services, concierge services, and tour/ticket assistance are available. Additional property amenities include a library, multilingual staff, ...
First Hotel Twentyseven Rating:4
Rooms: 200; Floors: 5
Check in: 2 PM; Check out: Noon
Conference facilities. Meeting rooms.
Hotel Alexandra Rating:3
Rooms: 61; Floors: 5
Check in: 2 PM; Check out: Noon
Conference facilities. Meeting rooms.
Conference Venue Location. Located in central Copenhagen, Hotel Alexandra is within walking distance of City Hall Square, Tivoli Gardens, and Stroeget. Nearby points of interest also include National Museum of Denmark and Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek. Hotel Features. Hotel Alexandra's restaurant serves breakfast and dinner. A bar/lounge is open for drinks. Room service is available during limited hours. This 3 star property offers small meeting rooms and a meeting/conference room. Complimentary wireless and wired high speed Internet access is available in public areas. This Copenhagen property has 10 square feet of event space. The property offers a roundtrip airport shuttle (surcharge). Additional property amenities include a coffee shop/café and ...
The Square Rating:3
Rooms: 267; Floors: 6
Check in: 3 PM; Check out: noon
Meeting rooms.
Hotel Fox Rating:3
Rooms: 61; Floors: 5
Check in: 3 PM; Check out: Noon
Check with us for Conference, Meeting, Training or Convention Availability: Location. Located in central Copenhagen, Hotel Fox is within walking distance of Orstredsparken, Stroeget, and Tivoli Gardens. Nearby points of interest also include City Hall Square and Rundetarn. Hotel Features. Hotel Fox features a restaurant and a bar/lounge. Room service is available during limited hours. The hotel serves buffet breakfasts each morning (surcharges apply). This 3 star property has a business center. Complimentary wireless Internet access is available in public areas. Concierge services and tour/ticket assistance are available. Additional property amenities include a rooftop terrace, multilingual staff, and laundry facilities. This is a smoke free property. A total renovation of this property was completed in 2005. ...
Hotel Danmark Rating:3
Rooms: 88; Floors: 6
Check in: 2 PM; Check out: 11 AM
Conference facilities. Meeting rooms.
Check with us for Conference, Meeting, Training or Convention Availability: Location. Located in central Copenhagen, Hotel Danmark is within walking distance of National Museum of Denmark, Stroeget, and Tivoli Gardens. Nearby points of interest also include Christianborg Palace and City Hall Square. Hotel Features. Dining options at Hotel Danmark include a restaurant and a snack bar/deli. A bar/lounge is open for drinks. Room service is available during limited hours. The hotel serves Buffet breakfasts (surcharges apply). This 3 star property has a 24 hour business center and offers a meeting/conference room. Wireless Internet access (surcharge) is available in public areas. Concierge services and tour/ticket assistance are available. Guest parking is available for a surcharge. Additional property ...
Ascot Hotel & Spa Rating:4
Rooms: 190; Floors: 6
Check in: 2 PM; Check out: 11 AM
Conference facilities. Meeting rooms.
First Hotel Skt Petri Rating:5
Rooms: 268; Floors: 7
Check in: 2 PM; Check out:
Conference facilities. Meeting rooms. Banqueting. Ballroom. Exhibit and event space.
Conference Venue Location. Located in central Copenhagen, First Hotel Skt Petri is within walking distance of University of Copenhagen, Stroeget, and Rundetarn. Nearby points of interest also include Tivoli Gardens and Thorvaldsens Museum. Hotel Features. Dining options at First Hotel Skt Petri include a restaurant and a coffee shop/café. A bar/lounge is open for drinks. Room service is available 24 hours a day. The hotel serves Buffet breakfasts (surcharges apply). Recreational amenities include a fitness facility. This 5 star property has a business center and offers small meeting rooms, limo/town car service, and audio visual equipment. Complimentary wireless Internet access is available in public areas. This Copenhagen property has ...
Richmond Hotel Rating:3
Rooms: 127; Floors: 6
Check in: 3 PM; Check out: Noon
Conference facilities. Banqueting. Exhibit and event space.
Check with us for Conference, Meeting, Training or Convention Availability: Location. Located in central Copenhagen, Richmond Hotel is within walking distance of Tivoli Gardens and City Hall Square. Nearby points of interest also include Stroeget and National Museum of Denmark. Hotel Features. This 3 star property has a business center and offers limo/town car service and audio visual equipment. Complimentary wireless Internet access is available in public areas. This Copenhagen property has 388 square meters of event space consisting of a conference center, banquet facilities, and exhibit space. The hotel serves a complimentary hot and cold buffet breakfast each morning in the breakfast area. Additional property amenities include multilingual staff, tour/ticket assistance, and gift shops/newsstands. This is ...
Meeting rooms in Denmark
Looking for meeting rooms in Denmark? Then let us help you save time and money. We've built a comprehensive list of the best Denmark meeting and conference venues. Whether you need a meeting room for just two or three people, or you are planning a larger gathering, our experts will be able to suggest the perfect venue to make your meeting a success. Our service will save you valuable time and our local knowledge gives you access to the very best meeting facilities that Denmark can offer.
The first step to a great meeting or conference is finding the right venue but our service doesn’t stop there. We can also help organise everything in Denmark from transport and furniture to catering and on-the-ground admin support. And if you have any special AV/IT requirements, we can organise those for you too.
Copenhagen meeting rooms - Helping you work smarter
Our intimate local knowledge of Copenhagen means we're perfectly qualified to deliver the ideal solution. We've got everything from small, well equipped meeting rooms and large conference centres to unusual, quirky and unique venues. Whether you're organising a business meeting, conference, wedding or birthday celebration, it's simple and fast.
Use our local expertise to find venues for meetings in Denmark
With our extensive local knowledge and dedication to customer service; we have been helping clients with their Denmark event needs for over ten years. We pride ourselves on saving our customers time and money whilst always delivering excellent results.

Submit your enquiry below and Natasha from Conference Copenhagen will call you back. We aim to respond to all enquiries within 15 minutes. Or if you prefer please call +44 (0)843 2894805 to talk directly to us.
From a small meeting or training course to a major international conference, we'll take the time to learn about your business and become an extension of your organisation. The leading online tool for destination-specific, personalised, expert local knowledge and free corporate business venue-finding service. With our expert knowledge of venues, hotels, transportation networks and unique local attractions, we will source and book everything for you, arrange the entire itinerary, look after the invitations and add that extra ingredient to ensure a unique event.